How Houseplants Affect the Air You Breathe

Houseplants can influence the air you breathe by absorbing certain pollutants, but their effects are nuanced. Research, including a 1980s NASA study, found that plants like spider plants and snake plants can remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as formaldehyde and benzene from the air. These chemicals, often emitted by furniture and cleaning products, are linked to respiratory issues. However, the study’s controlled environment may not fully reflect real-world conditions, where factors like room size, airflow, and plant density play a role.

While plants release oxygen through photosynthesis, their contribution to overall oxygen levels in a home is minimal compared to outdoor sources. For significant air quality improvements, ventilation remains critical. Some plants, especially those with soil and moisture, can also promote mold growth if overwatered, which may offset their benefits.

The extent to which houseplants affect air quality varies. While they can complement other strategies like air purifiers and reducing chemical use, they are not a standalone solution. Choosing low-maintenance plants and ensuring proper care—such as avoiding overwatering—helps maximize their potential without creating new indoor health risks. Ultimately, houseplants are a part of a broader approach to maintaining clean, breathable air indoors.